| 1. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a prokaryotic cell?
a. has a plasma membrane
b. has ribosomes
c. has circular DNA
d. has cytoplasm
e. has mitochondria
2. Which of the following scientists is credited with systematically disproving the idea of spontaneous generation?
a. Francisco Redi
b. Lazzaro Spallanzini
c. Robert Koch
d. Louis Pasteur
e. John Needham
3. Which structure is physically associated with the DNA in eukaryotic cells?
a. chromosomes
b. ribosomes
c. lysosomes
d. peroxisomes
e. nucleosomes
4. Which of the following was probably NOT a component of earth's atmosphere for the first 0.5 to 1.0 billion years of earth's existence?
a. nitrogen
b. oxygen
c. water vapor
d. carbon dioxide
e. methane
5. Which molecule named below has structural, functional (catalytic), and informational capabilities with respect to living processes?
a. DNA
b. Protein
c. Lipids
d. RNA
e. Carbohydrates
6. A compound microscope with a 15x ocular and a 45x objective would have which of the following as its overall magnification?
a. 2000x
b. 1100x
c. 750x
d. 675x
e. 425x
7. The approximate age of the earth is which of the following?
a. 15.0 x 109 years
b. 13.0 x 106 years
c. 13.8 x 109 years
d. 4.6 x 109 years
e. 4.6 x 106 years
8. In the microscope following a Gram stain you linearly arranged, nearly spherical cells of about 2.0 micrometers in diameter. You may reasonably conclude that these cells are which of the following?
a. streptococci
b. budding yeast
c. chains of bacilli
d. dividing spirochetes
e. staphylococci
9. Which of the following is NOT a structure found on the surface of procaryotic cells?
a. flagella
b. fimbriae
c. capsule
d. cilia
e. pili
10. The structure associated with detoxifying oxygen related compounds is which of the following
a. nucleus
b. mitochondria
c. peroxisome
d. vacuole
e. chloroplast
11. Which of the following organic monomers is not correctly associated with its polymer?
a. protein-amino acid
b. DNA-nucleotide
c. RNA-glycerine
d. lipid-fatty acid
e. polysacharide-sugar
12. Which element would NOT be considered to be a major constituent of living organisms?
a. helium
b. hydrogen
c. nitrogen
d. oxygen
e. carbon
13. Which of the following would not be a reagent used in the Grams stain?
a. iodine
b. ethyl alcohol
c. crystal violet
d. methylene blue
e. safranin
14. The difference in refraction of light between the center of a lens and the edges of a lens is known as which of the following
a. light scattering
b. spherical aberration
c. resolution limitation
d. chromatic aberration
e. refractive aberration
15. The property or ability of a microscope to have all of its lenses have approximataely the same focal length is called which of the following?
a. equifocal
b. parfocal
c. refractive ability
d. magnification
e. resolving power
16. The individual credited with establishing the Germ Theory of Disease by showing the causal relationship between Bacillus anthraxis and anthrax is which of the following?
a. Francisco Redi
b. Lazzaro Spallanzini
c. Robert Koch
d. Louis Pasteur
e. John Needham
17. You stain a sample with the spore stain and you find refractile green spheres under the oil immersion objective. What else would you expect to see in your field of view?
a. pink cocci
b. purple bacilli
c. purple cocci
d. pink bacilli
e. green bacilli
18. Which of the following is NOT included in the structure of peptidoglycan
a. N-acetylglucosamine (NAG)
b. crosslinking peptides
c. D-amino acids
d. Lipid A
e. N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM)
19. Miconozole is a drug which interferes with ergosterol biosythesis - a component of eukaryotic plasma membranes. Which of the following would probably by least affected by this drug?
a. yeast cells
b. bacterial cells
c. animal cells
d. plant cells
e. fungal cells
20. Which of the following pairs is mismatched with respect to a Gram stain?
a. Iodine-mordant
b. Gram positive-purple staining cells
c. Alcohol-Decolorizing
d. Gram negative bacteria-negative stain
e. Safranin-counter stain
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